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因疫情引起的暴力，加州人开始疯狂买枪！
At a press conference on June 29, 2020, California Governor Gavin Newsom gave an update on the state's effort to release low-risk inmates from prisons during the coronavirus pandemic.
加州州长加文·纽森(Gavin Newsom)介绍了在冠状病毒大流行期间，加州从监狱释放低风险囚犯的最新情况。
Fears of unrest, early release of prisoners, government overreach, even government collapse, led an estimated 110,000 Californians to purchase firearms in the early months of the pandemic, say UC Davis researchers.
加州大学戴维斯分校的研究人员说，对骚乱、提前释放囚犯、政府越权、甚至政府垮台的担忧，导致大约11万加州人在疫情爆发的最初几个月购买了枪支。
The numbers of gun buyers — including more than four in 10 who were new gun owners — represent only 2.4% of total California gun owners, but the study shines a bright light on the unease, worry, fear and frustration some Californians feel months into a year defined by a public health crisis, isolation, social and economic upheaval and a historically volatile presidential election.
枪支购买者的数量——包括十分之四以上的新持枪者——只占加州持枪者总数的2.4%，但这项研究让一些加州人感到不安、担忧、恐惧和沮丧，在过去的几个月里，公共健康危机、孤立、社会和经济动荡，以及历史上不稳定的总统选举，让他们感到不安、担忧、恐惧和沮丧。
The findings come from the 2020 California Safety and Wellbeing Survey of 2,870 California residents conducted by the University of California Firearm Violence Research Center and Violence Prevention Research Program.
这些发现来自于由加州大学枪支暴力研究中心和暴力预防研究项目对2870名加州居民进行的2020年加州安全和幸福调查。
The UC Davis team writes that its findings add to research “that suggests the coronavirus pandemic and efforts to lessen its spread have compounded the burden of violence-related harms” already being felt by individuals and the broader community.
加州大学戴维斯分校的研究小组写道，他们的发现增加了研究的内容，“表明冠状病毒大流行和减少其传播的努力加重了与暴力相关的伤害的负担”，这些伤害已经被个人和更广泛的社区感受到。
“Violence is a significant public health problem which touches the lives of far more people than is typically recognized,” writes study authors and UC Davis researchers UC Davis professor Nicole Kravitz-Wirtz, analysts Amanda Aubel, Julia Schleimer, Rocco Pallin and Garen Wintemute, director of UC Davis’ Violence Prevention Research Program, and an emergency room physician at UC Davis Medical Center in Sacramento.
加州大学戴维斯分校暴力预防研究项目主任、萨克拉门托加州大学戴维斯医疗中心的急诊室医生Garen Wintemute在报告中写道:“暴力是一个严重的公共健康问题，它影响到的人数远远超过人们通常所认识到的人数。”
The pandemic’s impacts go far beyond the virus’ transmission, Stanford public health expert David Studdert told the Los Angeles Times. Studdert was not involved with the survey but commented on its findings to the Times.
斯坦福大学公共卫生专家David Studdert在接受《洛杉矶时报》采访时表示，大流行的影响远远超出了病毒的传播范围。Studdert并未参与这项调查，但他对《泰晤士报》的调查结果发表了评论。
The increase in gun sales coupled with the various anxieties driving the purchases and owners’ behavior “are among the pandemic’s many shadow effects,” Studdert told the Times. “This study starts to identify those.”
斯德特对《泰晤士报》表示，枪支销量的增加，以及促使购买枪支的各种焦虑情绪和业主行为，“都是这场大流行病的诸多阴影效应之一”。“这项研究开始识别那些。”
Worry over personal safety during the pandemic dominated the responses. The most common reason those surveyed bought firearms was worry about lawlessness -- a factor cited by nearly 76 percent of those who responded. Early prison releases to help curb the spread of COVID-19 among prison populations was a factor for 56 percent of those surveyed. Nearly four in 10 - 38% - said they were girding against a “government collapse.”
在大流行期间，对个人安全的担忧主导了应对措施。受访者购买枪支最常见的原因是担心不法行为，近76%的受访者提到了这一因素。56%的受访者认为，提前释放监狱以帮助遏制COVID-19在监狱人群中的传播是一个因素。近40%的人(38%)表示，他们正在为“政府崩溃”做准备。
More broadly, firearm owners had the largest percentage increases in their level of worry about multiple types of violence during the pandemic compared to those who don’t own weapons and those whose gun purchases were not related to the pandemic.
更广泛地说，与那些不拥有武器和购买枪支与大流行无关的人相比，拥有枪支的人对大流行期间多种暴力行为的担忧程度增幅最大。
Additionally, the percentage of respondents who said they were somewhat worried or very worried about falling victim to violence increased significantly during the pandemic, the researchers found.
此外，研究人员发现，对成为暴力受害者感到有些担心或非常担心的受访者比例在大流行期间显著增加。
The gun purchases are part of a larger national trend, the UC Davis authors write, citing recent research that suggests more than 2.1 million gun purchases during the first three months of the pandemic.
加州大学戴维斯分校的作者写道，枪支购买是一个更大的全国趋势的一部分。他们引用了最近的一项研究，该研究显示，在大流行的头三个月里，有210多万人购买了枪支。
That unease played out in some Californians’ concerns over the looming election and civil unrest. Reports of stockpiling guns, food and ammunition have followed, a trend explored in a story last week in The Sacramento Bee.
这种不安在一些加州人对即将到来的选举和内乱的担忧中得到了体现。随之而来的是关于囤积枪支、食物和弹药的报道，上周《萨克拉门托蜜蜂报》(The Sacramento Bee)报道了这一趋势。
In conservative Shasta County, Patrick Henry Jones’ gun store, Jones’ Fort in Redding, has had one of its busiest summer seasons in its 58 years in business.
在保守的沙斯塔县(Shasta County)，雷丁的琼斯堡(Jones ' Fort)的帕特里克·亨利·琼斯(Patrick Henry Jones)枪支店迎来了开业58年来最繁忙的夏季。
Brisk sales, shortages and struggles to restock items marked the last few months, Jones told The Bee.
琼斯告诉《蜂报》，过去几个月销售火爆，商品短缺，进货困难。
“It’s a lot of new buyers and there’s just a lot of nervousness. First you had the riots. You had COVID kind of starting it (demand) a little bit, and the riots really picked things up; and now as the riots have kind of stabilized a little bit, there’s great uncertainty in the election,” Jones said.
“现在有很多新买家，大家都很紧张。首先是骚乱。COVID提出了一些需求，而骚乱使情况有所好转;现在骚乱已经稍微稳定了一些，选举中有很大的不确定性。”
“You can really tell there’s a tenseness in the air here in the North State,” Jones continued. “People are very nervous about this election. We’re fearing it’s not going to go very smoothly. ... There’s all kinds of talk about unrest and it just makes people nervous and that creates buying.”
“你可以看出，在这个北方的州，空气中弥漫着紧张的气氛，”琼斯继续说道。“人们对这次选举非常紧张。我们担心事情不会进展得很顺利。有各种关于动荡的说法，这让人们感到紧张，导致了购买。”
But the study’s authors said with the purchases, the numbers of new buyers and relaxed gun storage practices come a heightened possibility of gun-related harm including accidental shootings involving children, gun violence against women and suicides.
但该研究的作者说，随着购买的增加，新买家的数量和宽松的枪支储存措施增加了枪支相关伤害的可能性，包括涉及儿童的意外枪击、针对妇女的枪支暴力和自杀。
Though nearly two-thirds of firearm owners surveyed said they stored their weapons unloaded and locked away, a smaller percentage - about 18% - said they reported storing at least one firearm less securely. About a third of those owners said the pandemic led to the change. But of those, slightly more than half lived in households with children or teenagers.
尽管接受调查的枪支拥有者中有近三分之二的人说他们把武器卸下并锁起来存放，但有一个较小的比例——大约18%——说他们报告说至少有一支枪的存放不太安全。大约三分之一的宠物主人说，流感大流行导致了这种变化。但其中略多于一半的家庭有孩子或青少年。
The UC Davis team said its research aims to support strategies that tackle what the authors called the “enduring psychological trauma associated with exposure to and worry about violence.”
加州大学戴维斯分校的研究小组说，他们的研究旨在支持一些策略，解决作者所说的“与接触和担心暴力有关的持久的心理创伤”。
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发表于 2020-10-20 09:30:50
发表于 2023-1-4 15:39:33