|
|
弗雷斯诺护士死于新型冠状病毒，Kaiser医院安全性遭投诉！
（capradio.com) When Kaiser Permanente ran out of replacement shields for its powered air-purifying respirators — a hooded garment that protects health care workers from airborne biological hazards — it allegedly scrambled to make its own using electrical tape and sheets of plastic.
当凯泽永久公司的动力过滤式呼吸防护口罩---- 一种保护医护人员免受空气传播的生物危害的带帽服装---- 用光了替换的防护罩时，据说它争先恐后地用绝缘胶带和塑料片自己制造了这种口罩。
“That's the garbage they handed us to use,” said Amy Arlund, an intensive care nurse at Kaiser’s Fresno Medical Center and board member with the California Nurses Association.
“那是他们递给我们用的垃圾，”艾米 · 阿伦德(Amy Arlund)说，她是凯泽弗雷斯诺医疗中心(Kaiser’s Fresno Medical Center)的重症监护护士，也是加州护士协会(California Nurses Association)的董事会成员。
Arlund says it’s just one example of the health system’s lax record on protecting its employees and patients during the coronavirus pandemic. The Fresno facility had an outbreak in March that resulted in 10 nurses testing positive for COVID-19. One of them, Sandra Oldfield, died in late May due to complications from the disease.
阿伦德说，这只是在冠状病毒大流行期间，卫生系统在保护员工和病人方面记录松懈的一个例子。今年3月，弗雷斯诺医疗中心爆发了一场疫情，导致10名护士的新型冠状病毒肺炎检测呈阳性。其中桑德拉 · 奥德菲尔德于5月底死于该病的并发症。
The California Nurses Association says Kaiser bears responsibility for Oldfield’s death because it failed to provide adequate protective equipment.
加利福尼亚护士协会说，凯泽对奥德菲尔德的死负有责任，因为它没有提供足够的保护设备。
Kaiser rejects this claim and argues it has provided the necessary protective gear throughout the pandemic.
凯泽否认了这一说法，并认为它在整个流感大流行期间提供了必要的保护装备。
Employees at the health system have been vocal about their concerns, holding multiple demonstrations in recent months. They’ve also filed many coronavirus health and safety complaints with the California Division of Occupational Safety and Health, or Cal OSHA.
卫生系统的员工已经公开表达了他们的担忧，最近几个月举行了多次示威活动。他们还向加州职业安全与健康部门(Cal OSHA)提交了许多冠状病毒健康与安全投诉。
Of the 2,599 total complaints received by the state from February to late May, nearly 120 were about Kaiser. That’s substantially more than any other health system in California, and appears to be the most among any company in the state.
从2月到5月下旬，州政府共收到2599份投诉，其中将近120份是关于凯撒的。这大大超过了加州其他任何一个卫生系统，而且似乎是该州所有公司中最多的。
The health system operates 36 hospitals and hundreds of medical offices in California; the Fresno facility, where Oldfield worked, was the subject of eight complaints. Employee complaints include a range of allegations: claims they were not provided adequate protective equipment, were instructed to recycle single-use masks and were not informed about contact with individuals who tested positive for coronavirus.
卫生系统在加利福尼亚运营着36家医院和数百家医疗机构; 奥德菲尔德工作的弗雷斯诺医疗机构受到了8起投诉。雇员的投诉包括一系列指控: 声称他们没有得到足够的防护设备，被指示回收一次性口罩，并且没有被告知与冠状病毒呈阳性的个人有接触。
Diane McClure, a registered nurse at Kaiser’s south Sacramento facility, says the situation has improved in recent weeks, but the health system is still cutting corners. She says that’s especially alarming as California sees a surge in coronavirus hospitalizations.
戴安 · 麦克卢尔是凯撒医院南萨克拉门托分院的一名注册护士，她说，最近几个星期情况有所改善，但是卫生系统仍然在偷工减料。她说，在加利福尼亚看到冠状病毒入院人数激增时，这种情况尤其令人担忧。
Kaiser says it takes these complaints seriously, and that the safety of employees and patients is its highest priority.
凯泽表示，他们会认真对待这些投诉，并将员工和病人的安全放在首位。
“Throughout this pandemic, we have taken action to protect the health and safety of our employees and physicians, so they can care for the health needs of our members and communities,” wrote Dr. Stephen Parodi, an infectious disease physician and executive vice president of external affairs at Kaiser, in a statement.
“在整个流感大流行期间，我们已经采取行动保护我们的员工和医生的健康和安全，这样他们就可以照顾我们的成员和社区的健康需求，” Stephen Parodi 博士在一份声明中写道，他是传染病的一名内科医生，也是凯泽医院外部事务的执行副总裁。
The health system declined an interview request.
卫生系统拒绝了采访请求。
Parodi acknowledged there has been a learning curve to managing and acquiring protective equipment.
帕罗迪承认，在管理和获取防护设备方面有一个学习曲线。
“During the initial phase of the pandemic, the entire healthcare community was striving to learn how best to manage the virus, protect health care workers, and deliver the best care,” he wrote. “Throughout this crisis we have and continue to face worldwide shortages of masks, gowns, and other equipment needed to protect the health of our workforce and patients.”
他写道: “在大流行的初始阶段，整个医疗保健界都在努力学习如何最好地管理病毒，保护医护人员，并提供最好的护理。”。“在这场危机中，我们已经并继续面临全球性的口罩、罩衣和其他设备短缺，这些都是保护我们工作人员和病人健康所必需的。”
Masks A Key Concern
掩盖一个关键问题
While other health systems in California have had their share of safety complaints during the pandemic, Kaiser has faced substantially more.
虽然加利福尼亚州的其他卫生系统在流感大流行期间也有安全投诉的份额，但凯泽面临的问题要多得多。
Cal OSHA received 46 complaints about Dignity Health and 37 complaints about Sutter Health. CapRadio reviewed complaint data and matched facility names and addresses with their parent health systems, as some complaints did not list business names.
Cal OSHA 收到了46起关于 Dignity Health 的投诉和37起关于 Sutter Health 的投诉。CapRadio 审查了投诉数据，并将设施名称和地址与其母公司的卫生系统进行了匹配，因为有些投诉没有列出企业名称。
Other companies with large footprints also had substantially fewer complaints than Kaiser. The state received about 20 complaints each for Amazon and Walmart, which both have facilities around the state.
其他拥有大规模业务的公司的投诉也比 Kaiser 少得多。亚马逊和沃尔玛在加州都设有工厂，加州每家都收到了约20起投诉。
CapRadio obtained records of workplace coronavirus complaints and summaries of complaints against Kaiser through Public Records Act requests to the state Department of Industrial Relations.
CapRadio 获得了工作场所冠状病毒投诉的记录，以及根据《公共记录法》向州劳资关系部提出的对 Kaiser 的投诉摘要。
More than 100 complaints against Kaiser were deemed “valid” by the Cal OSHA. About half the cases have been “closed,” meaning the department believes the issue has been addressed.
超过100个针对 Kaiser 的投诉被 Cal OSHA 认为是“有效的”。大约一半的案件已经“结案” ，这意味着司法部认为这个问题已经得到解决。
Parodi says the health system received no citations as a result of the complaints.
帕罗迪说，卫生系统没有因为这些投诉而收到传票。
“We understand the concerns raised during this unprecedented time,” he wrote. “And we agree it is paramount that our caregivers have the right level of protective equipment. Our policies and actions demonstrate commitment to ensuring our staff and physicians’ safety.”
他写道: “我们理解在这个前所未有的时刻所提出的担忧。”。“我们同意，我们的护理人员拥有适当水平的保护设备是至关重要的。我们的政策和行动表明，我们致力于确保员工和医生的安全。”
Over three dozen complaints filed by Kaiser employees are specifically about masks, according to summaries provided by Cal OSHA.
根据 Cal OSHA 提供的摘要，凯萨公司员工提交了超过三十多起关于口罩的投诉。
Many claim nurses and staff were provided surgical masks instead of respirator N95 masks; the latter provides a greater level of protection against highly infectious diseases such as coronavirus. Some complaints allege staff had to reuse surgical masks, while others say staff were prohibited from wearing masks altogether during contact with patients.
许多人声称护士和工作人员得到的是外科口罩而不是 N95口罩; N95口罩提供了更高水平的防护以抵御高度传染病的病毒，如冠状病毒。一些投诉声称医护人员不得不重复使用外科口罩，而另一些投诉则称，医护人员在与病人接触时禁止戴口罩。
Over two dozen other complaints discuss a general failure to provide adequate personal protective equipment.
超过20多个其他的投诉讨论了一般没有提供足够的个人防护设备。
McClure says the lack of protective equipment was most apparent during the first two months of the pandemic. That is reflected in the complaint data: more than 80 complaints were filed in March, and the number declined in the following months.
麦克卢尔说，在流感大流行的头两个月里，缺乏防护设备的情况最为明显。这反映在投诉数据中: 3月份有80多起投诉，随后几个月数量有所下降。
She says nurses at Kaiser’s south Sacramento facility are now provided N95 respirator masks, but are told to reuse them. She says the health system sanitizes the masks, but nurses are skeptical that it’s effective.
她说，凯萨南萨克拉门托医院的护士现在可以使用 N95呼吸面罩，但是他们被告知可以重复使用。她说卫生系统会对口罩进行消毒，但护士们对口罩的有效性持怀疑态度。
“The manufacturer actually recommends they are single-use only,” she said. “So, these masks should be thrown out after.”
“制造商实际上建议这些口罩只能一次性使用，”她说。“所以，这些口罩事后应该扔掉。”
National Nurses United, the parent organization of the California Nurses Association, has called for a halt to the practice of sanitizing and reusing respirator masks, citing research suggesting decontaminated masks don’t meet safety standards.
美国全国护士联合会是加利福尼亚护士协会的上级组织，该组织呼吁停止消毒和重复使用呼吸面罩的做法，理由是研究表明经过消毒的面罩不符合安全标准。
Arlund in Fresno says her facility has started distributing N95 masks, but their availability is limited. As a result, she says, nurses are buying masks out-of-pocket on secondary markets to ensure their personal protection.
弗雷斯诺的阿伦德说，她的工厂已经开始分发 N95口罩，但供应有限。因此，她说，护士们在二级市场购买口罩，以确保自己的人身安全。
“They're terrified they're going to come to work one day and be told: ‘Hey, sorry, we're just out. Tough luck.’”
“他们害怕有一天他们来上班时被告知: ‘嘿，对不起，我们没货了。真倒霉。”’
Beyond the cost-burden of health care workers buying masks out-of-pocket, it could pose a safety risk. N95 masks are only effective if properly fitted to users. They also may be poor quality without the necessary certification.
除了医护人员自掏腰包购买口罩的成本负担之外，它还可能带来安全风险。N95口罩只有在适合使用者的情况下才有效。如果没有必要的认证，它们的质量也可能很差。
Several complaints against Kaiser claimed the health system failed to fit-test staff for N95 masks to ensure effectiveness.
几起针对凯泽的投诉声称，卫生系统未能为员工安排 N95口罩以确保其有效性。
Parodi says the health system investigates and responds to each complaint filed with Cal OSHA.
帕罗迪说，卫生系统调查和回应每个投诉提交给卡尔职业安全与卫生管理局。
“Throughout the ongoing pandemic, our policies and procedures have met and continue to meet occupational safety and health regulations and the extensive guidance issued by expert public health agencies,” he wrote.
他写道: “在整个持续的大流行期间，我们的政策和程序已经并继续符合职业安全和健康法规以及专家公共卫生机构发布的广泛指导。”。
Hospital Patients Surge
医院病人潮
Positive coronavirus cases are on the rise in California, and so too are hospitalizations.
阳性冠状病毒病例在加利福尼亚州呈上升趋势，住院病例也是如此。
As of Monday, hospitalizations jumped 50% over 14 days. During the same period, admissions to intensive care units rose 39%.
截至周一，住院人数在14天内增加了50% ，同期重症监护病房住院人数增加了39% 。
Gov. Gavin Newsom has repeatedly said hospitals have adequate bed capacity statewide.
州长加文 · 纽森曾多次表示，整个州的医院都有足够的床位。
But some are starting to strain.
但是有些人已经开始紧张起来。
“Our facility has the highest number of COVID-positive patients in the region, and it's jumped enormously,” said McClure in south Sacramento. “So, I definitely feel the surge.”
在南萨克拉门托，麦克卢尔说: “我们的设施拥有该地区最多的 covid- 阳性病人，而且病人数量激增。”。“所以，我确实感受到了这股浪潮。”
She says Kaiser claims to have acquired enough protective equipment, but it continues to ration masks and then reuse equipment that should be thrown out after a single use.
她说凯泽公司声称已经获得了足够的防护设备，但是他们继续限量供应口罩，然后重复使用那些一次性使用就应该扔掉的设备。
“I understand that we need to be — as Kaiser would call it — good stewards of PPE [and] responsible about using it,” McClure said. “But we shouldn't be doing that to the point where we're unsafe.”
麦克卢尔表示: “我明白，我们需要成为——正如凯泽(Kaiser)所说的那样——良好的 PPE 管理者，并对 PPE 的使用负责。”。“但我们不应该这样做，以至于我们不安全。”
Parodi says controlling distribution of protective equipment is necessary for the health system’s preparedness.
帕罗迪说，控制防护设备的分配对卫生系统的准备工作是必要的。
“Conservation measures for PPE, adherent to public health authority recommendations, is a critical component to this response,” he wrote.
“个人防护设备的保护措施，遵守公共卫生当局的建议，是这个回应的关键组成部分，”他写道。
State officials say California has an inventory of 232 million procedure masks and 46 million N95 masks. On Wednesday, Newsom said California has given away over 15 million masks to other states, including Washington, Arizona and Oregon.
州政府官员说，加利福尼亚有2.32亿个口罩和4600万个 N95口罩。周三，纽森说，加利福尼亚州已经向包括华盛顿州、亚利桑那州和俄勒冈州在内的其他州赠送了超过1500万个口罩。
But employee concerns go beyond protective equipment. McClure says some nurses are tasked with providing care for COVID and non-COVID patients in a single shift, which could spread the virus.
但员工关心的不仅仅是保护设备。麦克卢尔说，一些护士的任务是在一次轮班中为 COVID 和非 COVID 患者提供护理，这可能会传播病毒。
She also criticized Kaiser’s system for contact tracing, which is the process of determining who an infected person crossed paths with. McClure says contact tracers don’t bother tracking people if contact with an infected person lasted less than 15 minutes.
她还批评凯泽的接触者追踪系统，这是一个确定感染者与谁有过接触的过程。麦克卢尔说，如果与感染者的接触持续不到15分钟，接触跟踪器就不会跟踪人。
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says the risk of transmitting the virus during brief interactions is lower, but it’s still possible.
美国疾病控制和预防中心表示，在短暂的相互作用中传播病毒的风险较低，但仍有可能。
Parodi’s statement did not specifically address concerns about Kaiser’s work shifts or contact tracing system.
帕罗迪的声明并没有特别提到凯泽的轮班制或者接触者追踪系统。
Arlund claims contact tracing is essentially non-existent at the Fresno facility.
阿伦德声称，在弗雷斯诺工厂，接触者追踪基本上是不存在的。
“Many of us who have had exposure to positive patients have never been called to follow up,” she said. “We've not been instructed on what we should do to monitor ourselves.”
她说: “我们许多接触过阳性患者的人从来没有被要求进行随访。”。“我们没有接到指示，告诉我们应该做些什么来监控自己。”
Arlund says another outbreak among nurses may be unfolding at the Fresno Medical Facility. She says she’s aware of two nurses who tested positive after contact with an infected individual, and at least several more who had exposure to the same source.
阿伦德说，另一个爆发的护士可能在弗雷斯诺医疗设施展开。她说，她知道有两名护士在接触感染者后检测出阳性，至少还有几名护士接触过同一源头。
“They need to know that nurses are not expendable,” she said. “I will not have one more nurse die in my facility because Kaiser has chosen not to protect us.”
“他们需要知道护士不是可以牺牲的，”她说。“我不会让更多的护士死在我的设施里，因为凯瑟选择不保护我们。”
Editor's note: Sutter Health is a major donor to CapRadio.
联系人:-
电话号码:
|
|
发表于 2020-7-10 04:29:02
发表于 2022-12-24 21:55:51